Izikhwama zomzimba, ezaziwa nangokuthi yizikhwama zezinsalela zomuntu noma izikhwama zokufa, ziwuhlobo lwesiqukathi esiguquguqukayo, esivaliwe esiklanyelwe ukugcina izidumbu zabantu abashonile.Ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zomzimba kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokulawulwa kwezinhlekelele kanye nemisebenzi yokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo.Okulandelayo umlando omfushane wesikhwama somzimba.
Imvelaphi yesikhwama somzimba ingalandelelwa emuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.Phakathi neMpi Yezwe I, amasosha ayebulawelwa empini ayevame ukusongwa ngezingubo zokulala noma amaseyili futhi athuthwe ngamabhokisi okhuni.Le ndlela yokuthutha abafileyo yayingeyona nje into engahlanzekile kodwa futhi yayingasebenzi, njengoba yayithatha indawo enkulu futhi inezela isisindo emishinini yezempi eyayivele isisinda.
Ngawo-1940, amasosha ase-US aqala ukuthuthukisa izindlela ezisebenza kahle zokuphatha izinsalela zamasosha ashonile.Izikhwama zokuqala zomzimba zazenziwe ngenjoloba futhi zazisetshenziselwa ukuthutha izinsalela zamasosha abulawa esenzweni.Lezi zikhwama zaziklanyelwe ukuthi zingangeni manzi, zingangeni futhi zingasindi, okwenza kube lula ukuzithwala.
Phakathi neMpi YaseKorea ngawo-1950, izikhwama zomzimba zasetshenziswa kabanzi.Amasosha aseMelika ayalele izikhwama zomzimba ezingaphezu kuka-50,000 ukuthi zisetshenziselwe ukuthutha izinsalela zamasosha abulawe empini.Lokhu kwaphawula okokuqala ngqa ukuthi izikhwama zomzimba zisetshenziswe ngezinga elikhulu emisebenzini yezempi.
Ngawo-1960, ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zomzimba kwaba yinto evamile emisebenzini yokubhekana nezinhlekelele zomphakathi.Ngenxa yokwanda kokuhamba ngendiza kanye nenani elandayo lezingozi zezindiza, isidingo sezikhwama zomzimba ezithwala izinsalela zezisulu saba sibi nakakhulu.Izikhwama zomzimba zazisetshenziselwa futhi ukuthutha izinsalela zabantu abafa ezinhlekeleleni zemvelo, njengokuzamazama komhlaba neziphepho.
Ngawo-1980, izikhwama zomzimba zasetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezokwelapha.Izibhedlela zaqala ukusebenzisa izikhwama zemizimba njengendlela yokuthutha iziguli ezishonile esibhedlela ziyiswa emakhazeni.Ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zomzimba ngale ndlela kusize ekwehliseni ubungozi bokungenwa yilesi sifo futhi kwenza kube lula kubasebenzi basesibhedlela ukuphatha izinsalela zeziguli ezishonile.
Namuhla, izikhwama zomzimba zisetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa imisebenzi yokubhekana nezinhlekelele, izikhungo zezokwelapha, izindlu zabangcwabi kanye nophenyo lwe-forensic.Ngokuvamile zenziwe ngepulasitiki esindayo futhi ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nezitayela ukuze zivumelane nezinhlobo ezahlukene zemizimba nezidingo zokuthutha.
Sengiphetha, isikhwama somzimba sinomlando omfushane kodwa obalulekile ekuphathweni komuntu oshonile.Kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo okuthobekile njengesikhwama senjoloba esisetshenziselwa ukuthutha amasosha abulawe esenzweni, isiphenduke ithuluzi elibalulekile emisebenzini yokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo, izikhungo zezokwelapha, kanye nophenyo lwe-forensic.Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuphatha izinsalela zomufi ngendlela ehlanzekile nephumelelayo, okusiza ukuvikela impilo nokuphepha kwalabo abathintekayo ekuphatheni nasekuthutheni umufi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-25-2024